Friday, September 4, 2009

HAPPY LABOR DAY

The History of Labor Day

Information obtained from the United States Department of Labor

Labor Day: How it Came About; What it Means

Labor Day, the first Monday in September, is a creation of the labor movement and is dedicated to the social and economic achievements of American workers. It constitutes a yearly national tribute to the contributions workers have made to the strength, prosperity, and well-being of our country.

Founder of Labor Day

More than 100 years after the first Labor Day observance, there is still some doubt as to who first proposed the holiday for workers.

Some records show that Peter J. McGuire, general secretary of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners and a cofounder of the American Federation of Labor, was first in suggesting a day to honor those "who from rude nature have delved and carved all the grandeur we behold."

But Peter McGuire's place in Labor Day history has not gone unchallenged. Many believe that Matthew Maguire, a machinist, not Peter McGuire, founded the holiday. Recent research seems to support the contention that Matthew Maguire, later the secretary of Local 344 of the International Association of Machinists in Paterson, N.J., proposed the holiday in 1882 while serving as secretary of the Central Labor Union in New York. What is clear is that the Central Labor Union adopted a Labor Day proposal and appointed a committee to plan a demonstration and picnic.

The First Labor Day

The first Labor Day holiday was celebrated on Tuesday, September 5, 1882, in New York City, in accordance with the plans of the Central Labor Union. The Central Labor Union held its second Labor Day holiday just a year later, on September 5, 1883.

In 1884 the first Monday in September was selected as the holiday, as originally proposed, and the Central Labor Union urged similar organizations in other cities to follow the example of New York and celebrate a "workingmen's holiday" on that date. The idea spread with the growth of labor organizations, and in 1885 Labor Day was celebrated in many industrial centers of the country.

Labor Day Legislation

Through the years the nation gave increasing emphasis to Labor Day. The first governmental recognition came through municipal ordinances passed during 1885 and 1886. From them developed the movement to secure state legislation. The first state bill was introduced into the New York legislature, but the first to become law was passed by Oregon on February 21, 1887. During the year four more states — Colorado, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York — created the Labor Day holiday by legislative enactment. By the end of the decade Connecticut, Nebraska, and Pennsylvania had followed suit. By 1894, 23 other states had adopted the holiday in honor of workers, and on June 28 of that year, Congress passed an act making the first Monday in September of each year a legal holiday in the District of Columbia and the territories.

A Nationwide Holiday

The form that the observance and celebration of Labor Day should take were outlined in the first proposal of the holiday — a street parade to exhibit to the public "the strength and esprit de corps of the trade and labor organizations" of the community, followed by a festival for the recreation and amusement of the workers and their families. This became the pattern for the celebrations of Labor Day. Speeches by prominent men and women were introduced later, as more emphasis was placed upon the economic and civic significance of the holiday. Still later, by a resolution of the American Federation of Labor convention of 1909, the Sunday preceding Labor Day was adopted as Labor Sunday and dedicated to the spiritual and educational aspects of the labor movement.

The character of the Labor Day celebration has undergone a change in recent years, especially in large industrial centers where mass displays and huge parades have proved a problem. This change, however, is more a shift in emphasis and medium of expression. Labor Day addresses by leading union officials, industrialists, educators, clerics and government officials are given wide coverage in newspapers, radio, and television.

The vital force of labor added materially to the highest standard of living and the greatest production the world has ever known and has brought us closer to the realization of our traditional ideals of economic and political democracy. It is appropriate, therefore, that the nation pay tribute on Labor Day to the creator of so much of the nation's strength, freedom, and leadership — the American worker.

WISHING YOU A HAPPY AND SAFE LABOR DAY

3 comments:

  1. So many just do not know how this holiday came about. It is just thought to be another holiday and a special day of shopping.

    It is nice to be reminded how the reasoning of the holiday.

    I hope you have a joyful and safe holiday.

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  2. What a great context for the day, Maria. In a time when so many people think history is what happened last week and ancient history is what happened last month, we need to be reminded of the full sweep of events.

    Far too many people in our society have become consumers only, and not producers. A good proportion never have experienced the reality of physical labor. Sometimes I amuse myself with a little fantasy.... that every politician, lawyer, teacher, professor, pastor or priest, scientific researcher or computer guru should spend one year out of every five doing manual labor. You know - harvesting crops, or digging coal, or cod fishing. Whatever.

    I suspect it would help to "ground them in reality", as the saying goes. ;-)

    In any event, I hope your weekend is lovely, and that you keep producing your lovely words and images for us. That's an important labor, too, and to be celebrated.

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  3. SHORE, your words are wise and timely. I share your very thoughts, we do need to wake up and "ground them in reality".
    For some time I have been impressed with the teenagers who give their time to build and renovate houses for our less fortunate brothers and sisters. Hard work, hard labor, and so well worth the experience.
    Thank you for the encouraging words. And thank you for your superb literary 'labors'.

    Good morning ZAROGA, I hope that you are having a wonderful weekend.

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